December 2026 is not a horizon. It is a deadline.
The IMO Net-Zero Framework is a specific legal instrument — a GHG levy mechanism scheduled for adoption at MEPC 85 (30 November – 3 December 2026) and at MEPC ES.2, the extraordinary session of the Marine Environment Protection Committee that resumes on 4 December 2026. Two intersessional working group meetings are already confirmed: 1–4 September and 23–27 November 2026. A dedicated expert workshop on chain-of-custody fuel models — tracking fuel origin and emissions across the supply chain — will also be held before MEPC 85.
This schedule matters operationally. It means the framework terms are being finalised now, in the intersessional period. Member states are submitting amendments. The chain-of-custody workshop signals that how fuel origin is verified will be a live design question, not a settled assumption, when the levy is adopted.
If adopted on schedule, it will be the first time a price has been placed directly on maritime carbon emissions at the international level. The mechanism under discussion is a Greenhouse Gas Fuel Intensity (GFI) standard, supported by a levy on vessels that exceed the permitted intensity threshold. Revenue from the levy would be channelled into the IMO Net-Zero Fund (NZF) — financing alternative fuel infrastructure, capacity-building in developing states, and maritime decarbonisation research.